TMA-MSSQL-3.3

Ensure 'Orphaned Users' are Dropped From SQL Server Databases

中级别 1自动化mssql

说明

A database user for which the corresponding SQL Server login is undefined or is incorrectly defined on a server instance cannot log in to the instance and is referred to as orphaned and should be removed. Iterates every online database; limited to SQL, Windows user and Windows group principals. Runs one sqlcmd query with its defaults (Windows authentication to the local default instance); set SQLCMDSERVER, SQLCMDUSER and SQLCMDPASSWORD for another instance or SQL authentication. Needs VIEW SERVER STATE / sysadmin-level read access.

检查方式

审计方法: SQL 查询

sql_query

sqlcmd -b -h -1 -W -Q "SET NOCOUNT ON; DECLARE @n int = 0, @k int, @db sysname, @s nvarchar(max); DECLARE c CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE state = 0 AND HAS_DBACCESS(name) = 1; OPEN c; FETCH NEXT FROM c INTO @db; WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN SET @s = N'USE ' + QUOTENAME(@db) + N'; SELECT @k = COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT DP.name FROM sys.database_principals DP WHERE DP.sid NOT IN (SELECT L.sid FROM sys.syslogins L WHERE L.sid = DP.sid) AND (SELECT containment FROM sys.databases WHERE name = DB_NAME()) = 0 AND DP.type IN (''S'',''U'',''G'') AND DP.type_desc NOT IN (''DATABASE_ROLE'',''APPLICATION_ROLE'') AND DP.name NOT IN (''dbo'',''guest'',''INFORMATION_SCHEMA'',''sys'',''MS_DataCollectorInternalUser'') AND NOT (DP.name = ''cdc'' AND (SELECT is_cdc_enabled FROM sys.databases WHERE name = DB_NAME()) = 1)) AS x;'; EXEC sp_executesql @s, N'@k int OUTPUT', @k = @k OUTPUT; SET @n = @n + @k; FETCH NEXT FROM c INTO @db; END; CLOSE c; DEALLOCATE c; SELECT @n;"

预期输出: 0

修复方式

修复方法: 操作指南或基础设施补丁

If the orphaned user cannot or should not be matched to an existing or new login using the Microsoft documented process referenced below, run the following T-SQL query in the appropriate database to remove an orphan user: USE <database_name>; GO DROP USER <username>;

属性

操作系统: 任意
标签: mssqldatabaseauthentication
参考: CIS Microsoft SQL Server 2025 Benchmark v1.0.0 - 3.3 Ensure 'Orphaned Users' are Dropped From SQL Server Databases

检查本机

请在您有权审计的机器上运行此命令。扫描为只读操作。

shell

tmaegis scan --target mssql